![]() ![]() 24.0 (IBM Corporation, Armonk, New York, USA). Statistical analysisĭata cleaning and analysis were performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) v. The study was approved by the Unit of Biomedical Ethics Research Committee at the Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University (Reference No. Translation was performed using the backward–forward method and double-checked by the authors. The questionnaire was distributed in Arabic and English languages. The final questionnaire consisted of three domains, where the questions aimed to collect data on socio-demographic variables, beliefs toward COVID-19 vaccination, and potential barriers that may prevent participants from being vaccinated, respectively. Their feedbacks were considered in the final version of the questionnaire. Two research epidemiological experts independently reviewed all questionnaire items. Furthermore, a pretesting of the both versions of the questionnaire was conducted to assess the content validity. QuestionnaireĪ pilot study was carried out on 30 participants to assess the face validity of the Arabic and English versions of the questionnaire. Prior to the main questionnaire, the participants were asked three screening questions to ensure that they meet the inclusion criteria of the purposive sampling strategy (i.e., above 18-year old, a resident of Saudi Arabia, and agreeable to sharing responses). At the beginning of the questionnaire, the participants were briefly informed about the objective of the study and the different sections of the questionnaire. The questionnaire has been designed and developed for the purpose of this study (supplement 1). The study targeted potential participants from the main five regions in Saudi Arabia to attain results that would be generalizable across the country. A validated, self-administered electronic questionnaire was distributed online through social network sites, such as WhatsApp and Twitter. The study is cross-sectional in nature and was conducted on May 2020. Thus, the study aimed to assess the beliefs of Saudi residents toward eventual COVID-19 vaccination and to uncover the barriers associated with vaccination among the general population in Saudi Arabia. In Saudi Arabia, a COVID-19 vaccine is expected to face significant public hesitancy given the current public hesitancy toward seasonal influenza vaccination. Ī recently published review demonstrated that vaccine acceptance and hesitancy vary at the global context. Therefore, worldwide concern regarding public acceptance of an eventual vaccine for COVID-19 has been increasing. However, many studies have shown that the decision to take available vaccines is dependent on beliefs and perceptions. Two COVID-19 vaccines have approved in Saudi Arabia (Pfizer/BioNTech, Oxford-AstraZeneca) recently. Vaccination is considered the most effective strategy for preventing the pandemic and avoiding complications associated with the disease. During the first 6 months, more than 10 million COVID-19 cases were confirmed worldwide, out of which more than 20 thousand were in Saudi Arabia. On 30 January 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared an outbreak of a public health emergency of international concern. The coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is highly contagious and caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Results can be utilized in planning vaccination campaigns while waiting for vaccine development. Furthermore, the majority of refusers may accept the vaccine if additional studies confirmed safety and effectiveness. ![]() The study found that concerns about side effects were the key barrier for vaccine acceptance. Younger, male, who received seasonal influenza vaccine were more likely to accept taking the vaccine. Out of 3101 participants, 44.7% were accepting of COVID-19 vaccination if available, whereas 55.3% admitted hesitancy. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the predicting variables of vaccine acceptance. The association between COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and sociodemographic variables were analyzed. The questionnaire addressed the socio-demographic variables, beliefs toward COVID-19 vaccination, and potential barriers that may prevent participants from being vaccinated. MethodsĪn online self-administered questionnaire was distributed across the main regions of Saudi Arabia on May 2020. ![]() Therefore, the study aimed to assess the beliefs and barriers associated with COVID-19 vaccination among the Saudi population. However, public acceptance is reliant on beliefs and perception toward the vaccine. Developing a vaccine against COVID-19 is considered a key strategy to end the pandemic. ![]()
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